The Efficiency of Collective Bargaining in Public Schools
نویسندگان
چکیده
This paper develops a bargaining model of wage and employment determination for the public sector. The solution to the model generates structural wage and employment equations that are estimated using data from New York State teacher-school district collective bargaining agreements. An advantage of this approach is that the major collective bargaining models (monopoly union, right to manage, efficient contracting, and inefficient contracting) are nested in the structural equations based on flexible functional forms and these models can be empirically tested as restrictions on estimated model parameters. The empirical results suggest that the allocation of resources generated by collective bargaining in New York State public schools is, by and large, not Pareto efficient. Furthermore, it is possible to estimate separate measures of union bargaining power over wages and employment. Empirically, it appears that union bargaining power over wages is around 0.53, while bargaining power over employment is around 0.71. In addition, the paper demonstrates the importance of controlling for the nature of the collective agreement when measuring the level of public services that flow to a community in the presence of a unionized public sector work force. Résumé Nous proposons un modèle de négociations collectives sur des salaires et de l’emploi dans le secteur publique. La solution de ce modèle implique des équations structurelles de détermination de salaire de d’emploi qui sont estimées sur des données provenant des conventions collectives dans les écoles publiques dans l’état de New York. Notre approche a l’avantage d’englober tous les modèles majeurs dans la littérature sur les négociations collectives (syndicat monopole, droit à gérer, négociations efficace et négociations inefficaces) et de relier chaque modèle à une restriction d’égalité sur un ou plusieurs paramètres estimés. Nos résultats suggèrent que l’allocation de ressources spécifiée dans les conventions collectives des enseignants en New York n’est en générale pas efficace. De plus, notre approche nous permet d’estimer le pouvoir de négociation sur les salaires et sur l’emploi séparément. Nous trouvons un pouvoir de négociation sur les salaires de 0.53, et sur l’emploi de 0.71. Finalement, nous démontrons l’importance de contrôler pour la caractère endogène des salaires lors de l’analyse des flux des services publiques dans un marché syndicalisé.
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تاریخ انتشار 1996